{"ATC Code":["N - Nervous system","N05 - Psycholeptics","N05C - Hypnotics and sedatives","N05CC - Aldehydes and derivatives","N05CC01 - Chloral hydrate","QN - Nervous system","QN05 - Psycholeptics","QN05C - Hypnotics and sedatives","QN05CC - Aldehydes and derivatives","QN05CC01 - Chloral hydrate"],"Absorption, Distribution and Excretion":"Rapidly absorbed in the GI tract following oral or rectal administration. Chloral hydrate and its active metabolite, trichloroethanol, have been detected in CSF, umbilical cord blood, fetal blood, and amniotic fluid.","Adverse Effects":"Neurotoxin - Acute solvent syndrome","Aliases":["2,2,2-Trichloroethane-1,1-diol","Noctec","Trichloroacetaldehyde hydrate","Tosyl","Chloral monohydrate","Chloraldurat","Chloralhydrate","Phaldrone","Nycoton","Escre","Chloradorm","Cohidrate","Felsules","Kessodrate","Oradrate","Rectules","Trawotox","Dormal","Lorinal","Nycton","Somnos","Sontec","Hynos","Knockout drops","1,1-Ethanediol, 2,2,2-trichloro-","Somni Sed","Aquachloral","Somnote","SK-Chloral hydrate","2,2,2-Trichloro-1,1-ethanediol","Chlorali Hydras","Trichloracetaldehyd-hydrat","Hydrate de chloral","Kloralhydrat","Chloralex","Chloralvan","Hydral","Novochlorhydrate","1,1,1-Trichloro-2,2-ethanediol","Trichloroacetaldehyde monohydrate","1,1,1-Trichloro-2,2-dihydroxyethane","Chloraldural","Chloralum","Cloral hydrate","Bi 3411","Dtxsid7020261","Trichloroacetaldehyde, hydrated","NSC-3210","Dtxcid70261","Chebi:28142","Hydrate, Chloral","Chloral, monohydrate","206-117-5","Chloralhydrat","Lycoral","NSC 3210","Ncgc00159374-02","Ncgc00159374-03","Caswell No. 168","Nortec","C2H3Cl3O2","Cas-302-17-0","CCRIS 4142","HSDB 222","Aquachloral Supprettes","Einecs 206-117-5","EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 268100","Brn 1698497","AI3-00082","DEA No. 2465","Ethanediol, 2,2,2-trichloro-","Unii-418m5916wg","Chloral hydrate","trichloroethanal hydrate","Wln: qyqxggg","Trichloroacetaldehyde Hydrat","1, 2,2,2-trichloro-","Schembl34327","4-01-00-03143","Chembl455917","Schembl6852731","2,2-Trichloro-1,1-ethanediol","MSK10459W","NSC3210","Chloral hydrate, p.a., 99.0%","1,1-Trichloro-2,2-dihydroxyethane","Tox21_111614","Tox21_200110","Mfcd00044479","Msk10459w-1000m","STL445706","Akos009157238","Tox21_111614_1","Chlorali hydras","DB01563","FC45435","Ncgc00159374-04","Ncgc00257664-01","LS-12935","DB-047727","Chloral hydrate 1000 microg/mL in Methanol","NS00009274","Chloral hydrate, SAJ first grade, \u003e=99.5%","Trichloro acetaldehyde hydrate Chloral hydrate","C06899","Chloral hydrate, crystallized, \u003e=98.0%","Chloral hydrate, SAJ special grade, \u003e=99.7%","Chloralhydrate 1000 microg/mL in Acetonitrile","D00265","Chloral hydrate Solution in Methanol, 1000ug/mL","F0001-0929","InChI=1/C2H3Cl3O2/c3-2(4,5)1(6)7/h1,6-7","Chloral hydrate, meets analytical specification of Ph. Eur., BP, USP, 99.5-101%","chloral hydrate;2,2,2-trichloro-1,1-ethanediol;1,1-ethanediol, 2,2,2-trichloro-;choral hydrate;2,2,2-trichloroethane-1,1-diol;2,2,2trichloroethane1,1diol"],"Associated Disorders and Diseases":"Solvents, acute toxic effect [Category: Acute Poisoning]","Biological Half-Life":"The plasma half-life of trichloroethanol, the active metabolite, is about 7 to 10 hours.","Boiling Point":"207.5 °","CAS":"302-17-0","Chemical Classes":"Other Classes -\u003e Halogenated Alcohols","ChemicalClasses":[],"Chirality":"achiral","Classes":["Depressant"],"Color/Form":"COLORLESS OR WHITE CRYSTALS","Decomposition":"When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of /hydrogen chloride/.","Density":"1.9081 at 68 °F (NTP, 1992) - Denser than water; will sink g/cm\u003csup\u003e3\u003c/sup\u003e","Drug Classes":["Breast Feeding","Lactation","Milk, Human","Hypnotics and Sedatives"],"Drug Indication":"Mainly used as a hypnotic in the treatment of insomnia; however, it is only effective as a hypnotic for short-term use. May be used as a routine sedative preoperatively to decrease anxiety and cause sedation and/or sleep with respiration depression or cough reflex.","Drug Warnings":"...  /Chloral hydrate/ crosses the placenta and the effects of the drug on the fetus are unknown. The manufactures caution that the use of chloral hydrate durring pregnancy may cause withdrawal symptoms in neonates","Ecotoxicity Values":"EC50; Species: Daphnia magna (Water flea); Conditions: freshwater; pH 8; Concentration: 630 mg/L for 24 hr; Effect: behavior, equilibrium /Conditions of bioassay not specified in source examined/","Erowid Experience Reports":[{"Author":"Sativa","Id":67425,"Title":"No Longer Tense and Edgy"},{"Author":"arnold","Id":84704,"Title":"Works Like a Charm"},{"Author":"Mr.J","Id":53733,"Title":"Waves of Downing"},{"Author":"pyropyropyro","Id":77980,"Title":"Helps to Sleep but Has Its Setbacks"},{"Author":"Tripper","Id":83312,"Title":"Skeptical, Delusional, Asleep"},{"Author":"Pharmacologuy","Id":100216,"Title":"One of the Old-School Sedatives"}],"Esters":[],"European Community (EC) Number":"206-117-5","Formating":[],"HMDB ID":"HMDB0060451","HeavyAtomCount":7,"Human Drugs":"Breast Feeding; Lactation; Milk, Human; Hypnotics and Sedatives","IUPACName":"2,2,2-trichloroethane-1,1-diol","InChI":"InChI=1S/C2H3Cl3O2/c3-2(4,5)1(6)7/h1,6-7H","InChIKey":"RNFNDJAIBTYOQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N","Interactions":"Prolonged concurrent use /with other addictive medications especially CNS depressants with habituating potential/ may increase the risk of habituation; caution is recommended.","KEGG Entries":[{"Id":"D00265","Interactions":[],"Synonyms":["Chloral hydrate","Noctec"]},{"Id":"D00265","Interactions":[],"Synonyms":["Chloral hydrate","Noctec"]}],"MeSH Headers":[{"Id":"M0004114","Link":"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/M0004114.html","Name":"Chloral Hydrate","Ref":83},{"Id":"M0004115","Link":"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/M0004115.html","Name":"Noctec","Ref":85},{"Id":"DescTree","Link":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/meshhome.html","Name":"MeSH Tree","Ref":86},{"Id":"PubMed from MeSH","Link":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/meshhome.html","Name":null,"Ref":110},{"Id":"M0010885","Link":"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/M0010885.html","Name":"Hypnotics and Sedatives","Ref":111}],"MeSH Pharmacological Classification":[{"Id":"M0010885","Link":"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/M0010885.html","Name":"Hypnotics and Sedative","Ref":111}],"Mechanism of Action":"Chloral hydrate has CNS depressant effects similar to those of paraldehyde and the barbiturates. The mechanism of action of the drug is not completely known. The CNS depressant effect of chloral hydrate is believed to result mainly from its metabolite, trichloroethanol, although some animal studies have indicated that the rapid onset of sedation and hypnosis that chloral hydrate produces may be due to chloral hydrate itself and that the prolonged duration of action may be due to trichloroethanol.","Melting Point":"135 °","Metabolism/Metabolites":"Metabolized by the liver and erythrocytes to form trichloroethanol, an active metabolite. This reaction is catalyzed by alcohol dehydrogenase and other enzymes. Oxidation of chloral hydrate and trichloroethanol to trichloroacetic acid in the liver and kidneys also occurs to a lesser extent. Trichloroethanol also undergoes glucuronidation to produce an inactive metabolism.","MolecularFormula":"C\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eH\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003eCl\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e","MolecularWeight":"165.40 g/mol","Non-Human Toxicity Values":"LD50 Rat oral 200-500 mg/kg","Odor":"Aromatic, penetrating and slightly acrid odor","Physical Description":"Transparent colorless crystals or white crystalline solid. Aromatic penetrating slightly acrid odor and a slightly bitter caustic taste. Alcoholic solution (1 in 20) does not at once redden moistened blue litmus paper. (NTP, 1992)","PubChemId":2707,"Record Description":["LiverTox|CNS|Sedative/Hypnotic|Miscellaneous"],"Records":{"UNII":{"Impurities":[]}},"RefChem":"5663","RefCount":3,"RefCur":"","References":[{"Name":"Wikipedia","Urls":[{"Link":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloral_hydrate","Name":"Chloral hydrate","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"Wikidata","Urls":[{"Link":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q412340","Name":"Chloral hydrate","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"DrugBank","Urls":[{"Link":"https://go.drugbank.com/DB01563","Name":"Chloral hydrate","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"PubChem","Urls":[{"Link":"https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/2707","Name":"Chloral hydrate","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"Common Chemistry","Urls":[{"Link":"https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=302-17-0","Name":"Chloral hydrate","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"HMDB","Urls":[{"Link":"https://hmdb.ca/metabolites/HMDB0060451","Name":"Chloral hydrate","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"KEGG","Urls":[{"Link":"https://www.kegg.jp/entry/C06899","Name":"Chloral hydrate","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"UNII","Urls":[{"Link":"https://gsrs.ncats.nih.gov/ginas/app/ui/substances/418M5916WG","Name":"Chloral hydrate","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"EPA DSSTox","Urls":[{"Link":"https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020261","Name":"Chloral hydrate","Sub":false}]}],"Refs":["National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Compound Summary for CID 2707, chloral hydrate. Accessed May 5, 2026. \u003ca href=https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/2707\u003ehttps://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/2707\u003c/a\u003e","U.S. Food and Drug Administration; National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences. Chloral hydrate. UNII: 418M5916WG. Global Substance Registration System. Accessed May 5, 2026. \u003ca href=https://gsrs.ncats.nih.gov/ginas/app/beta/substances/418M5916WG\u003ehttps://gsrs.ncats.nih.gov/ginas/app/beta/substances/418M5916WG\u003c/a\u003e"],"Reported Fatal Dose":"The lethal oral dose of chloral hydrate in adults is about 10 g; however, ingestion of 4 g has caused death, and some patients have survived ingestion of as much as 30 g.","SMILES":"C(C(Cl)(Cl)Cl)(O)O","SaltData":[],"Salts":[],"Solubility":"greater than or equal to 10 mg/mL at 68.9 °F (NTP, 1992)","Stability/Shelf Life":"SLOWLY VOLATILIZES ON EXPOSURE TO AIR.","StereoisomerData":[],"Stereoisomers":[],"Structure":"\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" style=\"display:block\" viewBox=\"0 0 50.531 42.378\"\u003e\u003crect width=\"100%\" height=\"100%\" fill=\"#fff\"/\u003e\u003cdesc\u003eGenerated by the Chemistry Development Kit (http://github.com/cdk)\u003c/desc\u003e\u003cg fill=\"#ff0d0d\" stroke=\"#000\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\".7\"\u003e\u003cpath fill=\"#fff\" stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h51v43H0z\"/\u003e\u003cg class=\"mol\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m20.324 18.321 13.198 7.62M33.522 25.941l5.756-9.97M33.522 25.941l-6.619 11.465M33.522 25.941l10.253 5.92M20.324 18.321l-9.92 5.727M20.324 18.321V7.002\" class=\"bond\"/\u003e\u003cpath fill=\"#1ff01f\" stroke=\"none\" d=\"M41.636 10.766q-.786 0-1.238.53-.453.524-.453 1.447 0 .911.417 1.447.423.529 1.268.529.321 0 .607-.053.292-.06.566-.143v.536q-.274.101-.566.149-.291.053-.696.053-.744 0-1.25-.309-.501-.31-.751-.876-.25-.571-.25-1.339 0-.744.268-1.31.274-.565.804-.881.53-.321 1.28-.321.78 0 1.351.285l-.244.524q-.226-.101-.506-.184-.274-.084-.607-.084m2.757 4.424h-.602V9.975h.602zM23.446 37.324q-.786 0-1.238.53-.453.523-.453 1.446 0 .911.417 1.447.423.53 1.268.53.321 0 .607-.054.292-.06.566-.143v.536q-.274.101-.566.149-.292.053-.696.053-.745 0-1.251-.309-.5-.31-.75-.875-.25-.572-.25-1.34 0-.744.268-1.31.274-.565.804-.881.53-.321 1.28-.321.78 0 1.351.286l-.244.524q-.226-.102-.506-.185-.274-.083-.607-.083m2.756 4.423h-.601v-5.215h.601zM47.214 31.585q-.786 0-1.238.53-.452.523-.452 1.446 0 .911.416 1.447.423.53 1.268.53.322 0 .607-.054.292-.06.566-.143v.536q-.274.101-.566.149-.291.053-.696.053-.744 0-1.25-.309-.5-.31-.75-.875-.25-.572-.25-1.34 0-.744.268-1.309.273-.566.803-.882.53-.321 1.28-.321.78 0 1.352.286l-.245.524q-.226-.102-.506-.185-.273-.083-.607-.083m2.757 4.423h-.601v-5.215h.601z\" class=\"atom\"/\u003e\u003cg stroke=\"none\" class=\"atom\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"M9.385 25.938q0 .756-.256 1.328-.256.565-.756.881-.5.315-1.245.315-.756 0-1.262-.315-.506-.316-.756-.887-.244-.572-.244-1.334 0-.75.244-1.309.25-.566.756-.881t1.274-.316q.733 0 1.233.316.5.309.756.875.256.565.256 1.327m-3.864 0q0 .923.387 1.459.393.53 1.22.53.84 0 1.221-.53.387-.536.387-1.459 0-.929-.387-1.452-.381-.524-1.209-.524-.833 0-1.226.524-.393.523-.393 1.452M4.305 28.391h-.62v-2.286H1.173v2.286H.56v-4.9h.613v2.072h2.512v-2.072h.62z\"/\u003e\u003c/g\u003e\u003cg stroke=\"none\" class=\"atom\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"M22.583 3.078q0 .756-.256 1.328-.256.565-.756.881-.5.315-1.244.315-.756 0-1.262-.315-.506-.316-.757-.887-.244-.572-.244-1.334 0-.75.244-1.309.251-.566.757-.881T20.339.56q.732 0 1.232.316.5.309.756.875.256.565.256 1.327m-3.864 0q0 .923.387 1.459.393.53 1.221.53.839 0 1.22-.53.387-.536.387-1.459 0-.929-.387-1.452-.381-.524-1.208-.524-.834 0-1.227.524-.393.523-.393 1.452M26.889 5.531h-.619V3.245h-2.512v2.286h-.613v-4.9h.613v2.072h2.512V.631h.619z\"/\u003e\u003c/g\u003e\u003cpath stroke=\"#1ff01f\" d=\"M39.278 15.971 36.4 20.956M26.903 37.406l3.309-5.733M43.775 31.861l-5.127-2.96\" class=\"hi\"/\u003e\u003cpath stroke=\"#ff0d0d\" d=\"m10.404 24.048 4.96-2.864M10.404 24.048l4.96-2.864M20.324 7.002v5.66M20.324 7.002v5.66\" class=\"hi\"/\u003e\u003c/g\u003e\u003c/g\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e","Subjective Effects":null,"Taste":"Slightly bitter, caustic taste","Therapeutic Uses":"Sedatives, Nonbarbiturate; Anesthetics, Intravenous","Title":"Chloral hydrate","UNII":"418M5916WG","Wikidata":"Q412340","Wikipedia":"Chloral_hydrate","XLogP":1,"pH":"3.5-4.4 (10% soln in water)"}